计算机相关英语论文

DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF PRODUCTION PLANNING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF SURVEYING AND MAPPING PROJECTKEY WORDS: GIS，Design，Analysis，Application，Management，ProductionABSTRACT:With the development of photogrammetry and spatial information sciences, we have found many new methods to solve the technical problem in surveying and mapping But there is a little research on the project Traditional management method is complex and time- Now, we need use new technique to improve the management method for enhancing management Taking “National Western Surveying and Mapping Project on 1:50000 Topological Maps Blank Area” as an example, this paper focus on production planning The project is remarkable, not only the task and extent is tremendous, but also the staff and stuff are The Blank Area has atrocious weather and extreme All of the conditions increase the project management For reasonable planning and logical budget, we designed and realized a production planning management system to give the decision support to the This paper studies the system’s requirement analysis, system structure and function in INTRODUCTIONNowadays, Geographical Information Systems(GIS) are powerful and useful as means of information, visualization and research tools(Quan Bao,2004) Most GIS software is more suited to providing limited types of output than as a tool to support, at anything other than a superficial level, tactical or strategic decision-making To improve the usefulness of GIS as a decision support tool, two needs are First, decision-makers require methods that allow them to easily select alternatives across a number of relevant Second, it is necessary to explicitly recognize that most decision-making processes involve multiple Since problem solving id often characterized by multiple and conflicting objectives, methods that contribute toward more a completely aiding decision system are

1、英文名称不同计算机科学的英文名称是computer science，而计算机工程的英语名称则是computer engineering。2、学习侧重点不同计算机科学更注重理论研究（自动计算的性质、规律、运算等）；计算机工程更注重系统应用（计算机系统及其应用）。科学有些偏软，侧重以计算机技术为基础解决问题，编程一般是重中之重，三门数学（高等数学、线性代数、离散数学）是基础之重；工程有些偏硬与网络、通讯更紧密些。3、研究课题方向不同计算机科学研究的课题大致是：可计算性、算法理论、数据结构和数据库、人工智能、人机交互界面等；计算机工程研究的课题大致是：计算机体系结构、计算机系统、网络与分布式系统、信息系统与安全、控制与智能系统、仿真与科学计算等。4、就业方向不同计算机科学专业就业方向偏软应用如开发、测试、培训、技术研究等，就业面较广。计算机工程就业方向则更容易到电信、通讯、航天等相关部门工作，同时网络工程相关单位的设计、维护、培训工作也会涉及。扩展资料计算机科学专业特点1、培养目标全面本专业培养德、智、体全面发展，具有计算机应用技术的基础理论知识，具备计算机及相关设备的维护与维修、行业应用软件、平面图像处理、广告设计制作、动画制作、计算机网络及网站建设与管理、数据库管理与维护等应用能力和操作能力的高等技术应用性人才。2、涉及课程广泛计算机应用基础、计算机组装与维护、计算机局域网络的建设与管理、网络工程、操作系统、服务器、数据库的开发与应用、网站建设与网页设计、C/C++语言、Visual Basic语言、平面设计、3D图形设计、多媒体设计、专业英语。 3、就业方向多毕业生主要面向交通系统各单位、交通信息化与电子政务建设与应用部门、各类计算机专业化公司、广告设计制作公司、汽车营销技术服务等从事IT行业工作。参考资料来源：百度百科-计算机科学

来自百度：DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF PRODUCTION PLANNING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF SURVEYING AND MAPPING PROJECTKEY WORDS: GIS，Design，Analysis，Application，Management，ProductionABSTRACT:With the development of photogrammetry and spatial information sciences, we have found many new methods to solve the technical problem in surveying and mapping But there is a little research on the project Traditional management method is complex and time- Now, we need use new technique to improve the management method for enhancing management Taking “National Western Surveying and Mapping Project on 1:50000 Topological Maps Blank Area” as an example, this paper focus on production planning The project is remarkable, not only the task and extent is tremendous, but also the staff and stuff are The Blank Area has atrocious weather and extreme All of the conditions increase the project management For reasonable planning and logical budget, we designed and realized a production planning management system to give the decision support to the This paper studies the system’s requirement analysis, system structure and function in INTRODUCTIONNowadays, Geographical Information Systems(GIS) are powerful and useful as means of information, visualization and research tools(Quan Bao,2004) Most GIS software is more suited to providing limited types of output than as a tool to support, at anything other than a superficial level, tactical or strategic decision-making To improve the usefulness of GIS as a decision support tool, two needs are First, decision-makers require methods that allow them to easily select alternatives across a number of relevant Second, it is necessary to explicitly recognize that most decision-making processes involve multiple Since problem solving id often characterized by multiple and conflicting objectives, methods that contribute toward more a completely aiding decision system are

Information literacy Knowing how to find data from several sources, select relevant material, analyse and organise it into a form that can be used to make Computers have become the tools people use to access and manage Information technologists are people who analyse and design the What is a computer? Tradition definitions of computers include • A machine that accepts data and processes it into use • A computer is a binary, digital, electronic, stored program • While a computer is commonly a digital machine, analogue machine do An electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory unit, that can accept data (input), process data arithmetically and logically, produce results (output) from the processing and stores results for future Many computers receive and send data (communicate) across networks LAN and W A computer system consists of hardware and What is hardware? Hardware Hardware is physical devices or components that can be physically handled – you can thou Input Devices Input devices convert data that humans collect into coded electrical signals that a computer can The central processing unit The electronic processing takes place in the CPU The CPU consists of • A control unit that controls all of the computer’s functions and an • Arithmetic and logical unit (ALU) that performs any calculation Memory Memory holds all programs and What is RAM currently open? Data (notes) Word processor OS Output devices Output devices convert the computer’s electronic signals back into information Secondary storage devices These devices store programs and data The programs and data are not necessarily (or likely to be) in current E DVD CD Communication devices These devices enable a computer to connect to another List the six different type of hardware? Secondary storage(external), input, processor, output , memory, C Name eight pieces of hardware USB, keyboard, monitor, screen, RAM, ROM, VDU, M The system unit and peripheral devices The system unit is the computer Peripheral devices are any devices around the outside, or in other words, plugged into the (back of) the Peripheral devices include the key board, mouse, printer, joy stick and Peripheral devices are any devices around the outside, or in other words, plugged into the (back of) the Peripheral devices include the keyboard, mouse, printer, joy stick and What else does a computer have? Software Software is a computer program ,which is a detailed set of instructions that directs a computer to perform the tasks necessary to process data into These instructions are written in languages that computer can Software includes computer games, a word processing packing, an accounting package, amongst Definition of a computer system • A computer system is the configuration of hardware and software, functioning together, to process data into useful information, in order to achieve a purpose for a human What is data? • Data is raw facts, be they numbers, words, images and sounds, that can be input into a Mary a name is a piece of data What is information? • Information is processed data, that has meaning and is John is a list of names who scored an A grade on an exam John A Chai A Pam A Commodore $23 500 Magna $21 500 Falcon $19 800 The system unit contains the • Motherboard • CPU • Memory • Other electronics It is where the computer program instructions are executed and the data is manipulatedThe Processor CPU The CPU interprets and carries out basic instructions that operate the computer, the CPU contain the • Control unit and the • Arithmetic logic unit Control unit The control unit directs and coordinates the computer’s For every single instruction, the control unit repeats four basic operations, • Fetching • Decoding • Executing • Storing CPU speed The CPU’s speed may be measured in MIPS The number of millions of instructions per second Arithmetic/logic unit The ALU performs all calculations, which involve • Arithmetic operations 2+3 • Comparison operations age>=17 • Logical operations pass Processing instructions A CPU may begin executing a second machine cycle before completing the first-referred to as Current CPU’s can pipeline up to 4 Storage within the CPU Registers temporarily hold data and The computer’s clock A System clock is necessary to control the timing of all computer Each tick of the clock is referred to as a clock Clock speed is the speed at which a processor executes A hertz is one cycle per second and a megahertz is 1024 by1024 and a gigahertz is 1024 by 1024 Memory Memory is the temporary storage place for data and (program) Memory is measured in • Kilobytes 1024 bytes 2^10 • Megabytes 1024* 1024 bytes 2^20 • Gigabytes 1024*1024*1024 bytes 2^30 Representation of data Digital computers are built from many small electronic Each circuit, at any point of time can be turned OFF or ON Hence these devices are called two state Binary Digit 0and 1 Each off or on digital value is called a bit, short for binary A 1 bit computer would be able to distinguish between two values-characters, symbols or Hardly sufficient for the characters on the keyboard Bits Characters 1 2 2 4 3 8 4 16 5 32 6 64 7 128 8 256