关于计算机英语的论文

Information literacy Knowing how to find data from several sources, select relevant material, analyse and organise it into a form that can be used to make Computers have become the tools people use to access and manage Information technologists are people who analyse and design the What is a computer? Tradition definitions of computers include • A machine that accepts data and processes it into use • A computer is a binary, digital, electronic, stored program • While a computer is commonly a digital machine, analogue machine do An electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory unit, that can accept data (input), process data arithmetically and logically, produce results (output) from the processing and stores results for future Many computers receive and send data (communicate) across networks LAN and W A computer system consists of hardware and What is hardware? Hardware Hardware is physical devices or components that can be physically handled – you can thou Input Devices Input devices convert data that humans collect into coded electrical signals that a computer can The central processing unit The electronic processing takes place in the CPU The CPU consists of • A control unit that controls all of the computer’s functions and an • Arithmetic and logical unit (ALU) that performs any calculation Memory Memory holds all programs and What is RAM currently open? Data (notes) Word processor OS Output devices Output devices convert the computer’s electronic signals back into information Secondary storage devices These devices store programs and data The programs and data are not necessarily (or likely to be) in current E DVD CD Communication devices These devices enable a computer to connect to another List the six different type of hardware? Secondary storage(external), input, processor, output , memory, C Name eight pieces of hardware USB, keyboard, monitor, screen, RAM, ROM, VDU, M The system unit and peripheral devices The system unit is the computer Peripheral devices are any devices around the outside, or in other words, plugged into the (back of) the Peripheral devices include the key board, mouse, printer, joy stick and Peripheral devices are any devices around the outside, or in other words, plugged into the (back of) the Peripheral devices include the keyboard, mouse, printer, joy stick and What else does a computer have? Software Software is a computer program ,which is a detailed set of instructions that directs a computer to perform the tasks necessary to process data into These instructions are written in languages that computer can Software includes computer games, a word processing packing, an accounting package, amongst Definition of a computer system • A computer system is the configuration of hardware and software, functioning together, to process data into useful information, in order to achieve a purpose for a human What is data? • Data is raw facts, be they numbers, words, images and sounds, that can be input into a Mary a name is a piece of data What is information? • Information is processed data, that has meaning and is John is a list of names who scored an A grade on an exam John A Chai A Pam A Commodore $23 500 Magna $21 500 Falcon $19 800 The system unit contains the • Motherboard • CPU • Memory • Other electronics It is where the computer program instructions are executed and the data is manipulatedThe Processor CPU The CPU interprets and carries out basic instructions that operate the computer, the CPU contain the • Control unit and the • Arithmetic logic unit Control unit The control unit directs and coordinates the computer’s For every single instruction, the control unit repeats four basic operations, • Fetching • Decoding • Executing • Storing CPU speed The CPU’s speed may be measured in MIPS The number of millions of instructions per second Arithmetic/logic unit The ALU performs all calculations, which involve • Arithmetic operations 2+3 • Comparison operations age>=17 • Logical operations pass Processing instructions A CPU may begin executing a second machine cycle before completing the first-referred to as Current CPU’s can pipeline up to 4 Storage within the CPU Registers temporarily hold data and The computer’s clock A System clock is necessary to control the timing of all computer Each tick of the clock is referred to as a clock Clock speed is the speed at which a processor executes A hertz is one cycle per second and a megahertz is 1024 by1024 and a gigahertz is 1024 by 1024 Memory Memory is the temporary storage place for data and (program) Memory is measured in • Kilobytes 1024 bytes 2^10 • Megabytes 1024* 1024 bytes 2^20 • Gigabytes 1024*1024*1024 bytes 2^30 Representation of data Digital computers are built from many small electronic Each circuit, at any point of time can be turned OFF or ON Hence these devices are called two state Binary Digit 0and 1 Each off or on digital value is called a bit, short for binary A 1 bit computer would be able to distinguish between two values-characters, symbols or Hardly sufficient for the characters on the keyboard Bits Characters 1 2 2 4 3 8 4 16 5 32 6 64 7 128 8 256

我也是这个专业的，呵呵，不过我比较懒的，记得去年当时还是找VIP英语论文网的老师帮忙的，从开题到最后的定稿，全都让他们帮我弄，我也没看就给导师看的，差不多修改了三次吧，弄来弄去的，主要是导师老师挑毛病，烦得很，不过最后还是顺利过关了。~嘻嘻参考下这篇文章，或许对你有帮助计算机出现于20世纪40年代，尽管其发展尚处于萌芽阶段，但现在我们所熟悉的一些计算机词汇在那时已开始产生，比如模拟和数码，比特、数据和存储器， 语言和程序，以及穿孔卡片和输入。 50年代，计算机开始从大学实验室走到商务机构中去，我们开始谈论人工智能、信息工业及数据处理。激活程序、调制解调器、在线、即时、打印、随机存取存储器及FORTRAN语言等词汇进入英语中。60年代见证了计算机科学词汇的巨大发展， 随着计算机知识的传播，我们的生活的各个方面在一点点地计算机化， 我们认识到了字节、芯片、光标、鼠标、数据库及软件的重要意义，我们可以格式化计算机或找到其访问路径，我们开始精通于各种编程语言。闲暇之时，我们开始有了网络游戏。70 年代, 计算机继续向人们生活的中心进军,并带来大量的新词语, 软盘和硬盘, 微处理器和视窗, 以及可怕的病毒 人们开始拥有微机或文字处理器来打印劳动成果,从点阵打印机到菊花轮打印机,再到后来的激光打印机。我们可以通过以太网进行交流，并且刚刚听说到网络犯罪及数据保护的必要。八十年代，电脑空间开始占据人们日常生活空间的一部分， 计算机技术的飞跃，大大丰富了英语语言。只有一部分上了年纪的少数人是计算机盲以外，大部分人都能轻松应付启动、下载和以及拖、拉等操作，这十年还见证了因特网和信息高速公路、电子邮件、域名以及网络新闻组的开始。90年代，网迷们开始因特网上的冲浪，在畅游中你要有自己的网站或主页。你可能希望避免碰到垃圾邮件或邮箱炸弹，但最大的恐惧是千年虫。回顾历史我们可以看到计算机是如何在改变了我们的生活和语言。 I引言引言共包括三个部分，第一部分简要的回顾了语言及语言学习的理论，第二部分定义了计算机英语词汇所包括的范畴，分别是计算机编程及处理中的字串，科技俗语，以及计算机爱好者们的非正式表达。第三部分描述了计算机科学对语言的改变，它冲击英语词汇并产生了大批新的单词及表达，形成计算机英语词汇。II计算机英语词汇的构词计算机英语使用各种构词方法构成了大量的计算机词汇。通过这些构词的词法规则研究，我们更能清楚的了解计算机英语词汇的特点。计算机英语词汇主要的构词方式有：合成法，词缀法，转化法，混成法，略缩法，截断法，姓名命词法。III计算机英语词汇的特点分析计算机英语词汇属于科技英语词汇的范畴，所以它们有一些科技英语词汇的共性。但它们保持了区别于一般科技英语词汇的显著特色，即简洁，通俗，生动。缩短词在计算机英语词汇中占了很大的比例并且在计算机英语中大量应用,所以计算机词汇具有通俗的特点。对于英语缩短词的使用通常有三个原因，社会历史原因，心理原因，科技原因。计算机英语词汇不同于一般科技英语词汇的是它很少有高技术词汇而是大量使用准技术词汇。计算机英语从大众英语中借来大量的简单词汇，然后给它们赋予科技意义，所以计算机词汇具有通俗的特点，例如：Menu (菜单) ，path(路径)， bank (数据库)。计算机英语词汇还运用了很多隐喻，拟人，借代等修辞手法，是计算机英语更加生动。而从文艺作品中借来的计算机词汇又使这种语言具有文学色彩。IV．计算机英语词汇语义变化分析语言是不断的在变化，语义也随之不断的变化。计算机技术给英语及其他语言都带来很多语义上的变化。通常有三种语义变化途径，它们是科技及流行性，意外关联，类比。计算机英语词汇语义变化的结果有两种，普遍化和专业化。普遍化是指计算机行话被延伸运用到日常生活中，专业化是指把大众化的语言运用到计算机领域中。计算机技术是隐喻性的思维在科学中的实践，而隐喻性的语言是隐喻性思维的表层显示。所以计算机英语是隐喻性的，大量的隐喻性单词存在于计算机英语词汇中，比如：virus (病毒)， Windows(视窗)，和sleep mode (休眠模式)V．计算机英语词汇翻译绝大部分中文计算机词汇是从英语中翻译而来。所以我们应该用恰当的翻译方法把计算机英语词汇翻译成中文。这些翻译方法有多样，主要有直译法，意译法，直译意译结合法，完全音译法，半音译法，以及汉语加英文字母法。能表达意义的音译法是最完美的，因为这样的例子很少而且是可遇而不可求的，比如，hacker 翻译为“黑客”。有些计算机英文词汇很难翻译或者说很难找到一个比较恰当的翻译，这种现象叫做不可译性。在计算机英语词汇翻译中另外一个比较常见的想象是一词多译，比如 Internet 被翻译为“国际互联网”， “英特网”， “因特网”, “国际电脑网络”。VI．网络聊天文字游戏计算机互联网技术的发展造就了一个不同的社会 —— 网络虚拟空间, 并创造了一种新的以计算机为媒介的交流方式。互联网并不仅仅是科研人员们的专利，而且还成了人们聊天和讨论工作及爱好的流行方式。文字游戏在电子邮件信息，网络即时聊天以及新闻组了找到了新的用武之地。我们通过因特网所写的以及所读的有相当一部分所以文字游戏，它包括符号，数字，字母和幽默性语言的使用。计算机爱好者们创造出很多外人所不能理解的语言， 例如：U2 表示yo 如果你还有什么不懂的，自己咨询VIP英语论文网也可以，老师的态度很好

随着互联网的迅速的发展，基于互联网的各种应用日益受到人们的重视，基于Web的考试系统在这种形势下应运而生，它可以利用网络，随时随地对学生进行考试，是传统考场的延伸。本文在基于一般考试系统的设计与实现技术上，结合公务员考试的特点，通过对系统的结构设计、后台设计、前端开发，构建了一个基于B/S三层结构的、以JSP为开发平台和Oracle9i为数据库的公务员考试系统。本系统基本实现了招考信息发布、学生注册报名、单位进行资格审查、管理员对用户及角色进行管理等功能。本公务员考试系统采用的技术较为新奇，在今后的应用将会很广泛。该系统既可以用于政府机关招聘公务员，也可用于各事业单位招聘。Along with the rapid development of the Internet, Web based applications increasingly attention, the test system based on Web in this situation arises at the historic moment, it can use the network to students, anytime, anywhere, is a traditional examination Based on the general test system based on the design and implementation of the technology, combining the characteristics of the civil service examination system, the structure design, development, design, front back to construct a three layers based on B/S structure, with the JSP development platform of Oracle9i and the civil service examination system for This system realizes the recruitment information release, student registration, unit of user credentials, administrator management role and The civil service exam system adopts the technology of the future, in relatively novel application will be very This system not only can be used for civil servants, and can also be used for each business

-_-! 想的很是美美，英语论文就算了，随便找找，还得翻译中文哇天下没那等没事哟~ 祝福LZ呢~

海外英语杂志欢迎投稿，详情见我的空间