高分子化学英文文献怎么写的

材料大全A到Z (金属、陶瓷、高分子、复合材料) (免费) 资源简介 材料模拟计算算法库MAP 资源简介 A: Composites/Plastics 资源简介 Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology Online(Kirk-Othmer化工技术百科全书) (部分免费) 资源简介 Materials Research to Meet 21st Century Defense Needs (材料与国防) 资源简介 PoLyInfo (高分子材料设计所需的各种数据) (免费) 资源简介 Super-tough carbon-nanotube fibres (碳纳米管纤维) -taf/DynaPaf?file=/nature/ 资源简介 美国加州理工学院：Robert H Grubbs教授的研究小组 资源简介 涂料和油漆工业排名榜(主要为北美地区、前50位) 资源简介 英国的材料化学研究世界领先(2002-11-22) _mat_pdf 资源简介 Bell Labs (贝尔实验室, 纳米技术/分子自组装/导电高分子) -/research/html 资源简介 CAMPUS (塑料产品数据库, 免费) 资源简介 工程塑料国家重点实验室, 中国科学院化学研究所 资源简介 2004年国际纳米复合材料会议 (2004-09-01) -/conferences/html

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特点和优点 聚脲系统生产的结果之间的化学反应的异氰酸酯组成部分和胺的组成部分。虽然有一定程度的耐化学性是有可能在不同配方的聚脲，它们仍然只有耐的下限范围轻度酸或腐蚀性和几乎没有抵抗溶剂。聚不是在同一类别酚醛环氧乙烯基酯和聚酯树脂系统。为此，重要的是要知道具体的化学环境和兼容性测试，如果具体的测试数据不提供产品的打算。 与其他聚合物层系统，聚脲具有较低的水蒸汽传输速率和被认为是汽障。因此，重要的是，某些具体的基本理解，因为它们涉及防止发生损害的水分有关聚合物层系统对混凝土。多余的水分在混凝土中的转移到外部可能导致的变化碱度在债券界面造成损害的水分有关保税制度。许多文章和标准，已被写入，解决这些问题，并不会解决任何细节在这里。 美学地板系统通常是一个重要因素考虑设计的聚合物体系。看法和期望是至高无上的主人在一个可接受的成品生产项目。聚脲的生产均芳香族和脂肪族配方。芳香配方特点的色彩保留和稳定的接触紫外线（紫外线） 。但是，粉是低到不存在的，并没有改变，物理性能的聚脲发生。脂肪族聚脲制剂提供了良好的护色和UV稳定。此外，聚聚是制定脂肪族聚脲，并提供更大的色彩，光泽度和紫外线稳定。 表面纹理的聚合物地板系统应该讨论之前，应用聚制度。聚脲的能力提供配方顺利以stippled质地，刚开始受到赞赏。一些提法凝胶或设置如此迅速（ 3至6秒）的建立，表面光滑无纹理几乎是不可能的。其他提供凝胶时间长达40分钟，延长平整能力为顺利完成或允许实行总量装饰或功能特性。选择质地的具体目的是提供一个非滑动面必须很好地理解和正确执行，以满足选择标准。重要的是要认识到，标准不统一的需求，测试，或选择标准。

疏水缔合型聚合物P(AMTA)溶液性质的研究疏水缔合型水溶性聚合物是指在聚合物亲水性大分子链上带有少量疏水基团的一类水溶性聚合物。在聚合物水溶液中，疏水基团之间由于憎水作用而发生聚集，使大分子链产生分子内和分子间缔合。在临界缔合质量分数以上，形成分子间缔合为主的超分子结构，增大了流体力学体积，故具有较好的增黏性。在盐溶液中，由于小分子电解质的加入增加了溶液极性，使疏水缔合作用增强，表现出明显的抗盐性质。 疏水缔合型水溶性高分子很难合成，且不易表征，把疏水部分连接到水溶性聚合物链上，一般采用胶束共聚合或者使用具有表面活性的大单体进行共聚，胶束聚合需要在体系中加入大量的表面活性剂，这就增加了后处理过程的复杂性。利用表面大单体共聚合，需要事先合成大单体，这方面的技术也有相当大的难度。作者采用丙烯酸十四酯作为疏水单体，直接用沉淀聚合法制备疏水缔合型聚合物P(AM／TA)共聚物，从而使共聚反应及其产物的后处理过程较为简单易行。并用凯达尔定氮法表征共聚物的组成，研究共聚物的溶液性能和对苯丙乳液的增稠性。 1实验 1．1试剂 丙烯酰胺(AM)，质量分数不少于985％，根据文献提供的方法提纯；N,N-甲基甲酰胺(DMF)，分析纯；甲醇、氯化钠，化学纯；丙烯酸十四酯(TA)，实验室自制；苯丙乳液由福建省福州树脂有限公司提供。 1．2P(AM/TA)共聚物的合成 称取一定量的AM和TA单体，用DMF溶解，转入三颈瓶中，通氮除氧。升温至80℃，加入引发剂反应4h，过滤，产物用甲醇洗涤多次，以除去未反应的单体。40℃真空干燥至恒重。 1．3分析测试 凯达尔定氮法测定共聚物的组成。用乌氏黏度计测定共聚物溶液特性黏度[η]，测试温度为(30±O1)℃。聚合物溶液表观黏度用NDJ-I型旋转黏度计测定。 2结果与讨论 2．1共聚物稀溶液性质不同疏水基团摩尔分数的P(AM／TA)共聚物在蒸馏水和w(NaCl)=5％的溶液中的特性黏度[η]值列于表1。 聚合物的[η]正比于溶液中大分子线团的流体力学体积，因而能反应大分子线团收敛、卷曲的程度。从表1可知，随共聚物的TA链节摩尔分数的增加，其水溶液的[η]值逐渐减小，在w(NaCl)=5％的溶液中也是持续减小。这是因为在稀溶液中，疏水基团缔合以分子内缔合为主，随着TA摩尔分数的增加，分子内缔合增强，导致分子链卷曲。在盐溶液中，由于离子电荷的作用，使疏水链节分子内缔合力增强，分子链收缩，因而[η]值也持续下降。 2．2疏水基团TA摩尔分数对聚合物溶液黏度的影响 图1和图2分别表示P(AM/TA)系列共聚物及PAM在蒸馏水和w(NaCl)=5％的溶液中表观黏度与聚合物质量分数的关系曲线。PAM溶液黏度随其质量分数的增加而平缓上升，而疏水共聚物溶液的质量分数为3O％～4O％时其黏度急剧增加，表明疏水基团聚集而导致分子间缔合，形成了物理交联网络。此时共聚物溶液的质量分数即是临界缔合的质量分数。如图1所示，随TA摩尔分数增加，共聚物溶液的黏度显著增加。当疏水基团摩尔分数较高时，其溶液黏度随质量分数增加的速度更快，共聚物的临界缔合质量分数降低。如图2所示，加入Nacl溶液后，溶液表观黏度有较大提高，如质量分数为O％的P(AM/TA)-1 5聚合物溶液在20℃，转速为6r／min时，黏度达OmPs，而在水溶液中的黏度只有374mPa·s。不同TA摩尔分数的聚合物的质量分数均较其在纯水中低。Hydrophobically associating polymer P (AMTA) the nature of the study solution Hydrophobically associating water-soluble polymer is the hydrophilic polymer with a small amount of macromolecular chain hydrophobic group of a class of water-soluble Aqueous solution in the polymer, the hydrophobic groups and between the role as a result of hydrophobic aggregation occurred, so that large molecules have a molecular chain and inter-molecular Associating the critical mass fraction of the above, the formation of intermolecular association based supramolecular structure, increases the volume of fluid mechanics, it has good by In salt solution, because of the addition of small molecule electrolyte solution increased polarity, so that co-operation with enhanced hydrophobic association, shows that the nature of the Hydrophobically associating water-soluble polymer-based synthesis is difficult and not easily characterized, in part to hydrophobic chains connected to the water-soluble polymer, the general use of micellar copolymerization, or the use of the large surfactant monomer to copolymerization, polymer micelles need in the system by adding a large number of surface-active agent, which, after an increase of the complexity of the The use of the surface monomer copolymerization, the need for prior synthesis of large monomer, this technology also has considerable Author tetradecyl acrylate used as a hydrophobic monomer, the direct use of precipitation polymerization Preparation of hydrophobically associating polymer P (AM / TA) copolymers, so that the product of copolymerization and post-processing is more simple and easy And characterization of nitrogen determination Kedar copolymer composition, study the solution properties of copolymers of styrene-acrylic emulsion and of the 1 Experimental 1 Reagents Acrylamide (AM), the mass fraction of not less than 985 percent, according to documents provided by purification methods; N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF),分析纯; methanol, sodium chloride, chemical pure; acrylic 10 four acetate (TA), laboratory-made; styrene-acrylic emulsion resin from Fuzhou in Fujian Province L 2P (AM / TA) Copolymer Check that a certain amount of monomer AM and TA, using DMF dissolved into three-neck bottle, pass oxygen Warming to 80 ℃, reaction by adding initiator 4h, filtering, washing the product several times with methanol to remove unreacted 40 ℃ vacuum drying to constant 3 Analysis and Testing Determination of nitrogen Kedar will be the composition of Determination of intrinsic viscosity with copolymer solution viscosity [η], the test temperature (30 ± O1) ℃ Apparent viscosity of polymer solution with NDJ-I-type rotary viscometer 2 Results and Discussion 1 Dilute Solution Properties of Copolymers of different mole fraction of hydrophobic groups of the P (AM / TA) copolymers in distilled water, and w (NaCl) = 5% of the solution intrinsic viscosity [η] values listed in Table Polymer [η] is proportional to the solution of the fluid dynamics of macromolecular coil volume, which can respond to the convergence coil macromolecules, the degree of We can see from Table 1, with the copolymer chain of the TA increase in mole fraction, the aqueous solution of [η] value decreases in w (NaCl) = 5% of the solution is continued to This is because in dilute solution, the hydrophobic group to intramolecular association based association, with the mole fraction of the increase in TA, to enhance intramolecular association, resulting in the molecular chain In salt solution, because of the role of ionic charge, so that intramolecular hydrophobic chain to enter into force enhancement, molecular chain contraction, so [η] value continued to TA hydrophobic group 2 mole fraction of polymer solution viscosity on the impact of figures 1 and 2, respectively, P (AM / TA) series of copolymers and PAM in distilled water, and w (NaCl) = 5% in the apparent viscosity of the solution and the relationship between the mass fraction of polymer PAM solution viscosity with the increase of mass fraction of gentle rise, and the hydrophobic copolymer solution for the mass fraction of 3O% ~ 4O%, when a sharp increase in viscosity, indicating that aggregation of hydrophobic groups and lead to intermolecular association, forming a physical crosslinking网络 At this point the mass fraction of copolymer solution that is the critical mass fraction of the As shown in Figure 1, with the mole fraction of TA increased, the viscosity of copolymer solution increased When the mole fraction of hydrophobic groups is high, the solution viscosity increases with the mass fraction of the faster, the critical aggregation copolymer mass fraction As shown in Figure 2, by adding Nacl solution, the solution has greatly enhanced apparent viscosity, such as the mass fraction of O% for the P (AM / TA) -1 5 polymer solution at 20 ℃, rotation speed 6r/min , the viscosity of OmPs, and viscosity in aqueous solution only 374mPa TA different mole fraction of the mass fraction of polymer in water were