发布时间：
净化是驱除器中它的产生的废物而已，不是说驱动杂志。
Blood purification pharmacokinetics Shanghai Jiaotong University College of Medicine subsidiary Ruijin Hospital kidney Chen Nan-J) N FWR; t Blood purification technology in clinical treatment of acute and chronic renal failure has been nearly half a century, and in critically ill patients, such as acute renal failure (ARF) in the treatment of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) more traditional intermittent hemodialysis greater advantages, its clinical application is gradually expanded from the traditional kidney renal replacement to support development, participate in a multidisciplinary critical severe _ (HwU> Whether or ARF in patients with CRF usually kinds of medication, drugs in the application of these patients should be in accordance with its residual renal function adjustment, and at the same time, blood purification and changed the drug metabolism in patients with these conditions, particularly in critically ill patients, such as failure to consider this factor, medication adjustment programmes, the consequences could be Q: bKT # \ 1) from the following three aspects of the assessment of patients with blood purification P (rS - `I First, the nature of drug j1ZFsTFMWp 1, renal clearance in the proportion of drug: drug in the body's overall clearance rate is the body organ system capacity to remove the sum of drugs, including liver, kidney, as well as other metabolic If drugs mainly through kidney removal, which is usually to remove CRRT part of the in vitro clear / removal of the overall ≥ 25 ~ 30%, it is necessary to adjust the Pio ^ 5j hB6 2, protein binding rate: drug free with biological activity and can be removed filtration, plasma protein binding is the high rate of drugs (such as digitalis glycosides drug, warfarin, ) are difficult to remove CRRT Protein binding rate can be affected by many factors, the theoretical value and the actual situation may have some ! A! \ S / x4 3, molecular weight: small molecular diffusion easy to be adopted by dialysis membrane pore, drug removals and molecular size inversely proportional to macromolecules often convection through, unless more than its molecular weight film hole size, or ultrafiltration rate associated with the Most of the molecular weight of less than 500 drug Da, Da little more than Extension of high-flux dialysis membrane and time of removal can be improved 'T [zh # v> S 4, the volume of distribution (Vd): in vivo drug representatives of the extent of the Vd representative of the high rate of drug organizations with high clearance rate is Vd patients with severe and theoretical value can be very different, but there are individual Drug Vd ≤ 1 L / kg easy clearance, ≥ 2 L / kg difficult to be High flow could be higher IHD Vd drug rapidly cleared from plasma, serum concentration decreased, but only in a dialysis drug remove a small part in the two dialysis between plasma concentration will quickly CRRT continued slow clearance high Vd drugs, the process of drug plasma from the organizations to re-distribution, the change in the plasma concentration of ( 9X, Cefaclor 1 25 24-35 25-5 tid not adjusted to 25 sU? "V Cefoperazone 6-5 90 14-20 1-2 q12h thoroughly after delivery without adjustment?,: # 9 Cefuroxime 2 33 13-18 75-5 q8h thoroughly after administration 0 q12h * i? RJH Ceftazidime 2 17 28-4 1-0 q8h 0 1-0 q24-48h YxE bg (Y Amikacin 4-3 <5 22-29 5mg/kg q12h 2 / 3 of the normal 30-70% q12-18h wI! + L & Q Tobramycin 5 <5 22-33 7mg/kg q8h 2 / 3 of the normal 30-70% q12h lC = N: = Mu Ciprofloxacin 3-6 20-40 5 5-75 q12h 25 q12h 2 q12h, $ h (fM8GC Levofloxacin 4-8 24-38 1-5 5 q24h 25-50% 50% + T, H & # Imipenem 1 13-21 17-3 5-0 q6h thoroughly after administration 50 percent - J "qrp Z ^ Vancomycin 6-8 10-50 47-1 5 q6h 5 q48-q24-96h 5% 48h c X: 3 30 4 losartan 50mg qd-q12h unclear hundred percent jq57C)) X 2 Benazepril 22 95 15 10mg qd not 50-75% uw K h Monopril 12 95 15 10mg qd not 100% [T'yc: = Atenolol 7 45-60 5-10 50-100mg qd 25-50mg 50% q48h s ULIrYRA The name of the drug half-life F Ze: co8Mu (H) protein binding 0zw + @ l ` (%) Vd `" a? A 5] k (L / Kg) renal function f) * NX After the normal dose HD ^ fs m6 f)) SUPPLEMENTARY of CRRT j ~ Q) F | i8 Carvedilol 5-8 95 1-2 25-50mg q12-24h not 100 percent [6AHaOhR ' Nifedipine 4-5 97 4 10-20mg q6-8h not 100%> s & XX, w Amlodipine 35-50 95 21 5mg qd not 100 percent 1p8: 1) q Felodipine 10-14 99 9-10 10mg qd not 100% gs? 8Wzh90 * Digoxin 36-44 20-30 5-8 25-5mg qd not 25-75% q36h H4t) + (: D ' Low-molecular-weight heparin 2-0 unclear 06-13 30-40mg bid unclear 100% p "2m9 0IO Warfarin 34-35 99 15 load 10-15 mg of 2-10 mg qd not iHPUmTus not -- Azathioprine 16-1 20 55-8 5-5mg/kg q24h 25mg/kg 75% yq?] V7 ~ Cyclophosphamide 4-5 14-20 5-1 1-5mg/kg qd 1 / 2 dose of 100% Z:! IX ^ q;) n Vincristine 1-5 75 5-11 4mg / sq m unclear 100% I! P4 (3skAB Prednisone 5-5 80 2 5-60mg qd not 100% X x_ tpC? Prednisolone 5-5 80 2 5-60mg qd need 100 percent OZf6/10O / A prednisone 9-0 40-60 2-5 4-48mg qd not 100 percent [@ / /) # 5v Insulin 2-4 5 15 Indefinite not 75% `([R j M` Acarbose 3-9 15 32 50-200mg tid unclear avoid / 'ZKST4 Effects of Fluvastatin small 5-1 98 42 2-10mg qd unclear 100% k O1)? DWpa Simvastatin 2> 95 mg qd unclear 5-40 unclear 100%
不知道
第一章 血液净化疗法的发展历史和现状第二章 血液透析的基本原理第一节 生物肾与人工肾第二节 人工肾原理和生物物理学第三章 透析器第一节 透析膜及其进展第二节 透析器分类与功能第三节 透析器的功能进展第四节 透析器的复用第五节 透析器的功能评价第四章 血液透析设备第一节 血液透析机基本结构第二节 透析液供给装置第三节 透析机监测装置第四节 超滤控制方式第五节 透析中报警装置第六节 透析机添加功能第七节 血液透析的其他附属设备第八节 透析机的发展前景第五章 血液透析用水处理和透析液第一节 血液透析用水处理的意义和方法第二节 透析用水及处理设备第三节 透析液成分及临床意义第六章 血液透析的抗凝方法第一节 凝血状态的评估第二节 尿毒症患者的凝血状态第三节 抗凝剂的种类与特点第四节 血液透析抗凝方案的确立第五节 血液透析抗凝治疗中应注意的问题第七章 血液透析的血管通路第一节 概述第二节 血管通路的选择及适应证第三节 临时性血管通路导管留置法第四节 长期血管通路第五节 血管通路的评价第六节 血管通路与心功能的关系第八章 血液透析指征和透析剂量第一节 血液透析指征第二节 血液透析禁忌证第三节 血液透析剂量第四节 血液透析充分性的重要性第五节 血液透析充分性的评估标准第六节 透析充分性的其他问题第九章 血液透析及相关急性反应第一节 延缓肾脏替代前肾衰竭的进展第二节 血液透析诱导疗法第三节 血液透析准备第四节 血液透析中的监护和管理第五节 血液透析中技术故障及处理第六节 血液透析相关急性反应第七节 透析患者的实验室检查第十章 血液透析疗法的其他技术第一节 超滤和序贯血液透析第二节 碳酸氢盐血液透析第三节 高一低钠序贯血液透析第四节 低温血液透析第五节 无肝素血液透析第六节 单针血液透析第七节 血液透析中的营养疗法第八节 REDY吸附型透析第十一章 血液净化技术进展第一节 短时高效血液净化概述第二节 高通量透析第三节 高效血液透析第四节 血液滤过第五节 血液透析滤过及其变革型第六节 推拉式血液透析滤过第七节 长时间透析模式第八节 生物滤过第九节 生物人工肾第十节 血浆置换第十一节 蛋白A免疫吸附第十二节 血脂净化第十三节 便携式（穿戴式）人工肾第十四节 腹水回输第十二章 体外循环治疗技术进展第一节 概述第二节 高容量血液滤过的变异模式第三节 血浆滤过吸附透析第四节 连续血浆滤过吸附第五节 杂合肾脏替代疗法第六节 分子吸附再循环系统第七节 Prometheus第八节 体外膜式氧合疗法第九节 白细胞去除疗法第十节 体外循环生命支持系统的构建第十三章 连续性血液净化第一节 概述第二节 连续性血液净化的原理第三节 连续性血液净化的方式第四节 连续性血液净化治疗的技术特点第五节 连续性血液净化技术的组成第六节 连续性血液净化的液体管理及监护第七节 连续性血液净化临床应用第八节 连续性血液净化治疗对药物清除的影响第九节 结语第十四章 血液（浆）吸附疗法第一节 概述第二节 血液（浆）吸附的发展历史第三节 吸附材料及吸附原理第四节 血液（浆）吸附设备第五节 血液（浆）吸附操作第六节 血液（浆）吸附的临床应用第七节 血液（浆）吸附的不良反应第十五章 特殊病情的透析疗法第一节 小儿血液净化第二节 老年患者透析第三节 妇女妊娠期血液透析第四节 终末期糖尿病。肾病与肾脏替代第五节 肾移植患者围手术期及移植肾失功后的血液净化第十六章 人工肝脏第一节 肝脏的结构与功能第二节 急性肝衰竭第三节 生物人工肝第四节 非生物人工肝的发展史与研究进展第五节 非生物型人工肝的临床应用第十七章 血液透析急性并发症第一节 首次使用综合征第二节 症状性低血压第三节 透析中高血压第四节 失衡综合征……第十八章 慢性透析患者并发症第十九章 慢性透析患者代谢功能异常第二十章 腹膜透析第二十一章 急性肾衰竭第二十二章 肾衰竭与透析治疗的临床药理学第二十三章 透析患者营养管理第二十四章 透析患者运动疗法第二十五章 维持性透析患者的康复第二十六章 血液净化中心(室)质量管理附录
我国的人工肾及血液净化技术起步于20世纪50年代，1957年天津市泌尿外科研究所马腾骧教授在国内首先将人工肾透析治疗用于临床，开创了我国人工肾临床治疗急性肾功能衰竭的先河。经过50年的努力。根据2001年中华肾脏病学会公布的我国透析与肾移植登记报告，我国已有血液透析机4967台，维持性血液透析病人41755人。近年来透析设备与透析人数每年以11%的速度递增。我国自制的血液透析、血液滤过机，水处理系统以及各种膜材料的血液透析器、滤过器、血浆分离器、灌流器相继问世。已形成了，年销售超过亿元的产业群体。近年来我国在血液净化与维持性血液透析治疗的临床研究工作方面取得了显著的成绩。1983年南开大学与天津医科大学河东医院等单位将DNA抗原与四氮唑蓝共价结合固定在碳化树脂上，研制了吸附抗DNA抗体和DNA免疫复合物的免疫吸附柱。1996年第一军医大学南方医院肾脏病研究所张训教授、候凡凡教授成功地将肿瘤坏死因子－α（TNF-α）单克隆抗体固定在5M生物凝胶载体上制成特异性免疫吸附柱。给新西兰兔注射致死量LPS后1小时进行免疫吸附，结果6小时的存活率对照组为8%，治疗组为0%。他们还研究了连续性肾脏替代CRRT技术抢救复杂性急性肾衰竭的基本理论和临床应用，使APACHEII积分>29的危重病人存活率达25%（国际水平为22%～26%）。将AN69膜透析器连接在心脏手术体外循环的血液回路上吸附由体外循环产生的细胞因子，结果明显改善了体外循环术后全身炎症反应，减轻肺、肾损害。他们对透析相关性淀粉样变的发病原因提出“原位修饰”学说，发表于Kidney Int,已被载入8部国际经典教科书。发现、克隆、表达了人关节滑膜细胞晚期糖基化终产物（AGE）受体，阐明了淀粉样物质所致的受体途径，发表于影响因子最高的国际肾脏病杂志（J A S Nephrol),获国际肾脏病学会2001年度“最佳论文一等奖”。上述成绩表明，我国在血液净化设备的研制和提高长期透析病人生存率以及血液净化新技术应用等方面，已接近和达到国际先进水平。
Blood purification pharmacokinetics Shanghai Jiaotong University College of Medicine subsidiary Ruijin Hospital kidney Chen Nan-J) N FWR; t Blood purification technology in clinical treatment of acute and chronic renal failure has been nearly half a century, and in critically ill patients, such as acute renal failure (ARF) in the treatment of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) more traditional intermittent hemodialysis greater advantages, its clinical application is gradually expanded from the traditional kidney renal replacement to support development, participate in a multidisciplinary critical severe _ (HwU> Whether or ARF in patients with CRF usually kinds of medication, drugs in the application of these patients should be in accordance with its residual renal function adjustment, and at the same time, blood purification and changed the drug metabolism in patients with these conditions, particularly in critically ill patients, such as failure to consider this factor, medication adjustment programmes, the consequences could be Q: bKT # \ 1) from the following three aspects of the assessment of patients with blood purification P (rS - `I First, the nature of drug j1ZFsTFMWp 1, renal clearance in the proportion of drug: drug in the body's overall clearance rate is the body organ system capacity to remove the sum of drugs, including liver, kidney, as well as other metabolic If drugs mainly through kidney removal, which is usually to remove CRRT part of the in vitro clear / removal of the overall ≥ 25 ~ 30%, it is necessary to adjust the Pio ^ 5j hB6 2, protein binding rate: drug free with biological activity and can be removed filtration, plasma protein binding is the high rate of drugs (such as digitalis glycosides drug, warfarin, ) are difficult to remove CRRT Protein binding rate can be affected by many factors, the theoretical value and the actual situation may have some ! A! \ S / x4 3, molecular weight: small molecular diffusion easy to be adopted by dialysis membrane pore, drug removals and molecular size inversely proportional to macromolecules often convection through, unless more than its molecular weight film hole size, or ultrafiltration rate associated with the Most of the molecular weight of less than 500 drug Da, Da little more than Extension of high-flux dialysis membrane and time of removal can be improved 'T [zh # v> S 4, the volume of distribution (Vd): in vivo drug representatives of the extent of the Vd representative of the high rate of drug organizations with high clearance rate is Vd patients with severe and theoretical value can be very different, but there are individual Drug Vd ≤ 1 L / kg easy clearance, ≥ 2 L / kg difficult to be High flow could be higher IHD Vd drug rapidly cleared from plasma, serum concentration decreased, but only in a dialysis drug remove a small part in the two dialysis between plasma concentration will quickly CRRT continued slow clearance high Vd drugs, the process of drug plasma from the organizations to re-distribution, the change in the plasma concentration of ( 9X, Cefaclor 1 25 24-35 25-5 tid not adjusted to 25 sU? "V Cefoperazone 6-5 90 14-20 1-2 q12h thoroughly after delivery without adjustment?,: # 9 Cefuroxime 2 33 13-18 75-5 q8h thoroughly after administration 0 q12h * i? RJH Ceftazidime 2 17 28-4 1-0 q8h 0 1-0 q24-48h YxE bg (Y Amikacin 4-3 <5 22-29 5mg/kg q12h 2 / 3 of the normal 30-70% q12-18h wI! + L & Q Tobramycin 5 <5 22-33 7mg/kg q8h 2 / 3 of the normal 30-70% q12h lC = N: = Mu Ciprofloxacin 3-6 20-40 5 5-75 q12h 25 q12h 2 q12h, $ h (fM8GC Levofloxacin 4-8 24-38 1-5 5 q24h 25-50% 50% + T, H & # Imipenem 1 13-21 17-3 5-0 q6h thoroughly after administration 50 percent - J "qrp Z ^ Vancomycin 6-8 10-50 47-1 5 q6h 5 q48-q24-96h 5% 48h c X: 3 30 4 losartan 50mg qd-q12h unclear hundred percent jq57C)) X 2 Benazepril 22 95 15 10mg qd not 50-75% uw K h Monopril 12 95 15 10mg qd not 100% [T'yc: = Atenolol 7 45-60 5-10 50-100mg qd 25-50mg 50% q48h s ULIrYRA The name of the drug half-life F Ze: co8Mu (H) protein binding 0zw + @ l ` (%) Vd `" a? A 5] k (L / Kg) renal function f) * NX After the normal dose HD ^ fs m6 f)) SUPPLEMENTARY of CRRT j ~ Q) F | i8 Carvedilol 5-8 95 1-2 25-50mg q12-24h not 100 percent [6AHaOhR ' Nifedipine 4-5 97 4 10-20mg q6-8h not 100%> s & XX, w Amlodipine 35-50 95 21 5mg qd not 100 percent 1p8: 1) q Felodipine 10-14 99 9-10 10mg qd not 100% gs? 8Wzh90 * Digoxin 36-44 20-30 5-8 25-5mg qd not 25-75% q36h H4t) + (: D ' Low-molecular-weight heparin 2-0 unclear 06-13 30-40mg bid unclear 100% p "2m9 0IO Warfarin 34-35 99 15 load 10-15 mg of 2-10 mg qd not iHPUmTus not -- Azathioprine 16-1 20 55-8 5-5mg/kg q24h 25mg/kg 75% yq?] V7 ~ Cyclophosphamide 4-5 14-20 5-1 1-5mg/kg qd 1 / 2 dose of 100% Z:! IX ^ q;) n Vincristine 1-5 75 5-11 4mg / sq m unclear 100% I! P4 (3skAB Prednisone 5-5 80 2 5-60mg qd not 100% X x_ tpC? Prednisolone 5-5 80 2 5-60mg qd need 100 percent OZf6/10O / A prednisone 9-0 40-60 2-5 4-48mg qd not 100 percent [@ / /) # 5v Insulin 2-4 5 15 Indefinite not 75% `([R j M` Acarbose 3-9 15 32 50-200mg tid unclear avoid / 'ZKST4 Effects of Fluvastatin small 5-1 98 42 2-10mg qd unclear 100% k O1)? DWpa Simvastatin 2> 95 mg qd unclear 5-40 unclear 100%
这个期刊 仅仅是 中国科技核心期刊。既不是中文核心期刊，也不是 CSCD核心期刊。只算 普通核心期刊吧。也算核心。
在欧美国家，血液净化早已成为人们健康护理的必备选项！在德国，血液净化疗法已经在保险允许范围内有着40年以上的使用历史，每年有超过20万人定期进行血液净化，许多公司白领、企业领导、国家领导人等每隔一段时间都会进行血液净化，以便及时排除体内堆积的毒素。血液净化是通过将人体血浆从血液中分离出来，然后通过独有的分子筛和具有生物吸附功能的纳米超离子纤维膜，进行分离或吸附的二级处理，直接清除血浆中的有毒有害等致病物质。当血液经过净化吸附滤芯后，致病因子会被吸附在滤芯中，从血液中隔离出来，健康血液又回流到体内。它能够有效降低胆固醇、改善血管弹性功能，清除血管凝集分子/发炎分子，降低血液粘稠度，清除致癌因子。去除血浆中代谢毒物，提高细胞活性，保护心肌，修复受损的血管，焕发机体生命力，有效防止早衰，预防心脑血管疾病等。目前该项目已纳入国内精准健康管理体系。
血液净化在日常生活中也称透析。它的涵义是：把患者的血液引出身体外并通过一种净化装置，除去其中某些致病物质，净化血液，达到治疗疾病的目的。血液净化应包括：血液透析、血液滤过、血液灌流、血浆置换、免疫吸附等。腹膜透析虽然没有将血液引出体外，但其原理都是一样的。血液透析只是治疗慢性肾衰的方法之一。
Blood purification pharmacokinetics Shanghai Jiaotong University College of Medicine subsidiary Ruijin Hospital kidney Chen Nan-J) N FWR; t Blood purification technology in clinical treatment of acute and chronic renal failure has been nearly half a century, and in critically ill patients, such as acute renal failure (ARF) in the treatment of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) more traditional intermittent hemodialysis greater advantages, its clinical application is gradually expanded from the traditional kidney renal replacement to support development, participate in a multidisciplinary critical severe _ (HwU> Whether or ARF in patients with CRF usually kinds of medication, drugs in the application of these patients should be in accordance with its residual renal function adjustment, and at the same time, blood purification and changed the drug metabolism in patients with these conditions, particularly in critically ill patients, such as failure to consider this factor, medication adjustment programmes, the consequences could be Q: bKT # \ 1) from the following three aspects of the assessment of patients with blood purification P (rS - `I First, the nature of drug j1ZFsTFMWp 1, renal clearance in the proportion of drug: drug in the body's overall clearance rate is the body organ system capacity to remove the sum of drugs, including liver, kidney, as well as other metabolic If drugs mainly through kidney removal, which is usually to remove CRRT part of the in vitro clear / removal of the overall ≥ 25 ~ 30%, it is necessary to adjust the Pio ^ 5j hB6 2, protein binding rate: drug free with biological activity and can be removed filtration, plasma protein binding is the high rate of drugs (such as digitalis glycosides drug, warfarin, ) are difficult to remove CRRT Protein binding rate can be affected by many factors, the theoretical value and the actual situation may have some ! A! \ S / x4 3, molecular weight: small molecular diffusion easy to be adopted by dialysis membrane pore, drug removals and molecular size inversely proportional to macromolecules often convection through, unless more than its molecular weight film hole size, or ultrafiltration rate associated with the Most of the molecular weight of less than 500 drug Da, Da little more than Extension of high-flux dialysis membrane and time of removal can be improved 'T [zh # v> S 4, the volume of distribution (Vd): in vivo drug representatives of the extent of the Vd representative of the high rate of drug organizations with high clearance rate is Vd patients with severe and theoretical value can be very different, but there are individual Drug Vd ≤ 1 L / kg easy clearance, ≥ 2 L / kg difficult to be High flow could be higher IHD Vd drug rapidly cleared from plasma, serum concentration decreased, but only in a dialysis drug remove a small part in the two dialysis between plasma concentration will quickly CRRT continued slow clearance high Vd drugs, the process of drug plasma from the organizations to re-distribution, the change in the plasma concentration of ( 9X, Cefaclor 1 25 24-35 25-5 tid not adjusted to 25 sU? "V Cefoperazone 6-5 90 14-20 1-2 q12h thoroughly after delivery without adjustment?,: # 9 Cefuroxime 2 33 13-18 75-5 q8h thoroughly after administration 0 q12h * i? RJH Ceftazidime 2 17 28-4 1-0 q8h 0 1-0 q24-48h YxE bg (Y Amikacin 4-3 <5 22-29 5mg/kg q12h 2 / 3 of the normal 30-70% q12-18h wI! + L & Q Tobramycin 5 <5 22-33 7mg/kg q8h 2 / 3 of the normal 30-70% q12h lC = N: = Mu Ciprofloxacin 3-6 20-40 5 5-75 q12h 25 q12h 2 q12h, $ h (fM8GC Levofloxacin 4-8 24-38 1-5 5 q24h 25-50% 50% + T, H & # Imipenem 1 13-21 17-3 5-0 q6h thoroughly after administration 50 percent - J "qrp Z ^ Vancomycin 6-8 10-50 47-1 5 q6h 5 q48-q24-96h 5% 48h c X: 3 30 4 losartan 50mg qd-q12h unclear hundred percent jq57C)) X 2 Benazepril 22 95 15 10mg qd not 50-75% uw K h Monopril 12 95 15 10mg qd not 100% [T'yc: = Atenolol 7 45-60 5-10 50-100mg qd 25-50mg 50% q48h s ULIrYRA The name of the drug half-life F Ze: co8Mu (H) protein binding 0zw + @ l ` (%) Vd `" a? A 5] k (L / Kg) renal function f) * NX After the normal dose HD ^ fs m6 f)) SUPPLEMENTARY of CRRT j ~ Q) F | i8 Carvedilol 5-8 95 1-2 25-50mg q12-24h not 100 percent [6AHaOhR ' Nifedipine 4-5 97 4 10-20mg q6-8h not 100%> s & XX, w Amlodipine 35-50 95 21 5mg qd not 100 percent 1p8: 1) q Felodipine 10-14 99 9-10 10mg qd not 100% gs? 8Wzh90 * Digoxin 36-44 20-30 5-8 25-5mg qd not 25-75% q36h H4t) + (: D ' Low-molecular-weight heparin 2-0 unclear 06-13 30-40mg bid unclear 100% p "2m9 0IO Warfarin 34-35 99 15 load 10-15 mg of 2-10 mg qd not iHPUmTus not -- Azathioprine 16-1 20 55-8 5-5mg/kg q24h 25mg/kg 75% yq?] V7 ~ Cyclophosphamide 4-5 14-20 5-1 1-5mg/kg qd 1 / 2 dose of 100% Z:! IX ^ q;) n Vincristine 1-5 75 5-11 4mg / sq m unclear 100% I! P4 (3skAB Prednisone 5-5 80 2 5-60mg qd not 100% X x_ tpC? Prednisolone 5-5 80 2 5-60mg qd need 100 percent OZf6/10O / A prednisone 9-0 40-60 2-5 4-48mg qd not 100 percent [@ / /) # 5v Insulin 2-4 5 15 Indefinite not 75% `([R j M` Acarbose 3-9 15 32 50-200mg tid unclear avoid / 'ZKST4 Effects of Fluvastatin small 5-1 98 42 2-10mg qd unclear 100% k O1)? DWpa Simvastatin 2> 95 mg qd unclear 5-40 unclear 100%
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血液净化一般是指血液透析，针对肾脏功能衰竭的患者。血液净化技术可以清除肌酐和尿素氮，进而减少尿毒症的发生。它是治疗肾脏疾病到了终末期的一个办法。常见的血液净化的方式包括血液透析、腹膜透析、血液灌流、血浆置换、血液滤过。
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