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从最基本的说起，其实和语文的议论文一样， 有introduction,body and conclusion。 Introduction- topic, point of view(optional),a breif introduction that the student will mention in the following paragraph (1st para of body) Body- a thesis statement + supportive examples + a summary of the thesis(optional) NB: one thesis (idea)/ Conclusion- rearrangement of REMEMBER students have no idea! That's the whole idea of academic Thus there is a very IMPORTANT tip you need to tell your students- REFERENCES References need to appear in introduction,body and conclusion of the whole Academic writings are usually expositive, hence you need tell your students to use passive Active words are ONLY used in Creative Writing
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03-28 金融危机视域下珠三角产业升级研究 03-28 浅析韩国金融制度演变及对我国的启示 03-28 论次贷危机对我国的影响及金融业的应对措施 保险学类更多 03-29 寿险公司在养老保险体系中的作用 /html/finance
怕是没有，要是有学生找我写的话 至少需要100美金
Summary of the study on construction project management methodology: is the largest number of construction projects, the most typical "projects", construction project management practice is one of the important sources of project management theory with integrated project management system of project management theory and practical experience provide theories for construction project management tools, making increasingly systematic and scientific management of construction Tags: 1, raised issues of project management and overview of project management is becoming a modern social address "one-off questions" effective tools that a kind of professional qualification, wide application in the process of social, economic and rapid development is that it provides a new Modern social economic total constantly increased, economic globalization, and information trend increasingly enhanced, development speed speed up, process complex, new of industry, and field constantly appears, products development cycle shortened, led increasingly more of "one-time", and no precedent can through of task of appears, especially enterprise and management social public affairs of Government, more faced was increasingly complex of from market and at home and abroad Affairs of various problem, involves of factors, and interests main increasingly more, these problem General of management approach difficult to solution or successfully solution, and from construction project and the military, and space exploration, field of project management method by upgrade for project management theory and thought, provides has solution social economic development non-General problem of You can think, lies in its development and application of project management Widely promoted popular project management in China in recent years, the ascendant, and we introduce, universal focus, should not be a complicated theories, concepts, procedures, and should be concise, applicable and effective Regardless of the economic structure changes, construction remains the main carrier of China's economic In comprehensively building a comfortably well-off society and development in China under the background of the Northwest, Northeast, become important means for economic revitalization in many parts of the Some cities even proposed "project will flourish cities" Rely mainly on the application of new scientific and technological achievements in economic progress, relying on the content-type extension, depend on the situation of knowledge innovation, rely on an extensive project is not a suitable means of revitalizing the economy, has been in China for failure to pay the investment decision of enormous cost, so using the scientific method on engineering construction project management, including assessment of argumentation, is the important condition of the building can achieve the desired purpose of the Project management methods are not only specific methods, including Party of 16 session third plenary made people, and can continued of science development view, "people", and "can continued" of a basic content is science and technology, and economic, and environment, and social of coordination development, project construction do for development economic of important means, not only cost huge, and on around environment has larger effect, so must meet can continued, and coordination development requirements, this is project management of important guiding ideology Methodology is the study of Comprehensively building a comfortably well-off society and development in Northwest and northeast of real background might set off a new round of upsurge of construction, sustainable and coordinated development of scientific concept of development put certain constraints on the construction of macro-control, this method should be implemented in construction project Project management is not only for the purposes of achieving specific objectives (duration, quality and cost), should also do project construction and coordination of environmental, social or risk repeating previous errors, mistake, got out of the investment This is also a project management method to rise to "methodology" meaning Project management of theory so far has can said is is complete of, this not only performance in rich diverse of theory results as various project management books (including translation) of launched, more performance in this area has has own of "knowledge system", as United States Project Management Association (PMI) Yu 1987 made and by 1996, and 2000 amendment of "project management knowledge system", international project management Association 1997 launched has "project management personnel ability benchmark", China double method society for the project management Research Committee also Yu 2001 launched China project management knowledge system Each of these knowledge systems project management body of knowledge is divided into a number of areas, elements, modules, China knowledge system "methods and tools" concept, other systems do not have on the topic independent of the method, but throughout all stages of project management, processes, Various project management works also focus on content, stage of project management, program, organization of expositions devoted to Of course, this does not mean to ignore, perfection but summary, concentrate on methods of research and contribute to the popularization and application of project management project management role into full 建设工程项目管理的方法论研究摘要：建设工程项目是数量最多、最典型的“项目”，建设工程项目管理的实践是项目管理理论的重要渊源之一，融合了项目管理实践经验的系统的项目管理理论又为建设工程项目管理提供了理论工具，使得建设工程项目管理日益系统化、科学化。 关键词：项目管理 工程1、问题的提出及现状综述 项目管理之所以成为一种现代社会解决“一次性问题”的有效工具以至于一种职业资格，在社会事务、经济过程中广泛应用并且迅速发展，就在于它提供了一种新的方法。现代社会经济总量不断增加，经济全球化、信息化趋势日益增强，发展速度加快，过程复杂，新的行业、领域不断出现，产品开发周期缩短，导致越来越多的“一次性”、无先例可循的任务的出现，尤其是企业和管理社会公共事务的政府，更面临着日趋复杂的来自市场和国内外事务的各种问题，涉及到的因素、利益主体越来越多，这些问题常规的管理办法难以解决或圆满解决，而来自建设工程项目及军事、空间探索等领域的项目管理方法经提升为项目管理理论和思想，提供了解决社会经济发展中非常规问题的手段。可以认为，项目管理的发展与应用在于它的方法。项目管理在中国广泛推广普及是近几年的事，方兴未艾，而我们引进、普及的重点，不应是繁琐的理论、概念、程序，而应该是简明、适用、有效的方法。 不论经济结构如何变化，工程项目建设仍是我国经济发展的主要载体。在我国目前全面建设小康社会、开发西北、振兴东北的背景下，项目建设成为许多地区经济振兴的重要手段。有的城市甚至提出“项目兴市”的口号。在经济进步主要依靠新科技成果应用、依靠内涵式扩展、依靠知识创新的形势下，靠粗放式项目建设并不是合适的振兴经济的手段，我国也一直在为投资决策的失误付出巨大代价，所以利用科学方法对工程建设项目进行管理，包括评估论证，将是项目建设能否达到预期目的的重要条件。 工程项目管理方法不仅是具体方法，也包括思想。党的十六届三中全会提出以人为本、可持续的科学发展观，“以人为本”、“可持续”的一个基本内容就是科学技术、经济、环境、社会的协调发展，工程项目建设做为发展经济的重要手段，不仅耗资巨大，而且对周围环境有较大影响，所以必须满足可持续、协调发展要求，这也是工程项目管理的重要指导思想之一。方法论是对方法的研究。全面建设小康社会、开发西北、振兴东北的现实背景可能掀起新一轮工程建设热潮，可持续、协调发展科学发展观对工程项目建设提出了一定制约的宏观控制，这一点要落实到建设项目管理的方法上。工程项目管理的目的不仅是实现具体的目标（工期、质量、费用），也应做到项目建设与环境、社会的协调，否则可能重蹈以前投资失误、失策、失控的覆辙。这也是工程项目管理方法上升到“方法论”的意义之一。 项目管理的理论至今已可以说是很完备的，这不仅表现在丰富多样的理论成果如各种项目管理书籍（包括翻译）的面世，更表现在这个领域有了自己的“知识体系”，如美国项目管理协会（PMI）于1987年提出并经1996、2000年修订的“项目管理知识体系”，国际项目管理协会1997年推出了“项目管理人员能力基准”，中国双法研究会项目管理研究委员会也于2001年推出《中国项目管理知识体系》。上述各知识体系将项目管理知识划分为若干领域、要素、模块，中国的知识体系有“方法与工具”概念，其他体系未有关于方法的独立专题，而是贯穿于项目管理的各个阶段、过程、领域。各种项目管理著作也多侧重于对项目管理内容、阶段、程序、组织等的论述，对于方法的专门论述不多见。当然这并不意味着对方法的忽略，但对方法的总结、集中研究与完善有助于项目管理的推广应用的项目管理作用的充分发挥。
中英文对照的不好找英文的去学校图书馆（网上）的期刊论文数据库找参考一下：《【分享】如何搜索英文文献》 %5Fxerox%5F/blog/item/html
In 2002 will be implemented in three 10 X college entrance examination College entrance examination system in the reform of English teaching The key lies in establishing the class-based teaching system (1) listening and Against the status quo of poor listening and speaking ability of students to open every Monday of English listening and speaking Use the latest teaching listening "to the future", "traveled the United States," "expect English," and other tapes, video tapes and newspapers, using advanced listening equipment in the classroom teaching through listening, speaking, dialogue, performances, lectures and other lively, interesting students heard about the form of training to improve the communication skills of students, training students in the level of oral expression, reversing the pre-existing "dumb-style" English teaching status (2) the addition of extensive reading classes, the establishment of Foreign Language Reading R Although the new textbooks to read the current increased, but far from what is In order to expand the scope of the students exposure to English, optional printing a variety of genres, subjects suitable for students to read the According to the requirements of content and reading test, teachers will be articles to classify each article in the post-coupled with an appropriate amount of reading comprehension In order to broaden the teaching of English extension, so that extensive reading in English from the curricular and extra-curricular extension to the establishment of foreign language reading acquisition have been published in a variety of domestic suitable for high school students to read English books, will be in English Extensive Reading from the classroom extended to Yuelan Shi to further stimulate students interest in reading and Subscribe for students in English newspapers and magazines, the establishment of English specialty health system, at any time to give them an open reading rooms and study Teaching through extensive reading, students can not only consolidate the textbooks and the basics, but also can improve the self-learning ability to develop intelligence, reading to be (3) The creation of writing Poor writing skills for students in English and Chinese-style English sentences in the written expression of uncommon situation, the school can fully use my existing computer software, according to the new textbooks written request, step by step training on the students "English written expression and training", will be Practical, descriptive text, description text and carry out the purpose of discussion, sub-level guidance Writing Course opened for the entrance examination is not merely to prepare for the written expression, but also enable students to learn a variety of English style of writing methods and techniques to meet the future requirements of the community of foreign language (4) The implementation of the different levels of English teaching, the successful introduction of English classes and increase Students according to their actual English proficiency, the free selection of the successful lessons to enhance our School teachers to take a The basis of less successful lessons where students can make up for deficiencies in knowledge and a good grasp of double-base implementation, to develop their own non-intellectual factors, promote the improvement of performance and enjoy the joy of The basis of good students can participate in improving the high level of English classes comprehensive training to promote their own standard of English to the "high, precision and advanced the" development and outline the task ahead of schedule to prepare for the 2002年全国将实施3十X高考制度。高考制度在改革，英语教学改革势在必行。 关键在于建立各课型教学体系 （1）听说课。针对学生听说能力差的现状，开设每周一节次的英语听说课。选用最新听力教材“走向未来”，“走遍美国”，“希望英语”等录音带，录像带及报纸，利用先进的听音设备，在课堂教学中通过听，说，对话，表演，演讲等各种生动，有趣的形式对学生进行听说训练，提高学生的交际能力，训练学生的口语表达水平，扭转以前存在的“哑巴式”英语教学的现状。 （2）增设泛读课，建立外文阅览室。现行新教材尽管阅读量增加，但远远不能满足需要。为了扩大学生对英语的接触范围，可选印各种体裁，题材适于学生阅读的文章。根据内容和阅读测试的要求，教师将文章进行分类，在每篇文章后配以适量的阅读理解题。为了拓宽英语课堂教学的外延，使英语泛读由课内延伸到课外，建立外文阅览室，购置国内现已出版发行的各种适合中学生阅读的英语读物，将英语泛读由教室扩展到阅览室，进一步激发学生的阅读兴趣和主动性。为学生订阅英文报刊和杂志，建立英语特长生制度，随时给他们开放阅览室和自修室。通过泛读课教学，学生不仅能巩固课本中出现的基础知识，而且能提高自学能力，开发智力，从阅读中得到乐趣。 （3）开设写作课。针对学生英文写作能力差，中国式英语句子在书面表达屡见不鲜的状况，可充分利用我校现有的电脑软件，根据新教材写作要求，循序渐进地对学生进行写作训练。 “英语书面表达与训练”，将应用文，描写文，说明文和论述进行有目的，分层次的指导训练。开设写作课不仅仅是单纯为高考的书面表达做准备，也是让学生学会各种英语文体的写作方法与技巧，适应未来社会对外语人才的要求。 （4）实施英语分层次教学，开设英语成功课与提高课。学生可以根据自己的实际英语水平，自由挑选上成功课还是提高课。教师采取挂牌上课。基础较差的学生可以在成功课里弥补知识的缺陷，抓好双基落实，开发自己的非智力因素，促进成绩的提高，享受成功的喜悦。基础较好的学生可以参加提高班的较高水平的英语综合训练，促使自己的英语水平向“高，精，尖”发展，提前完成大纲任务并为竞赛作好准备。
How to improve your English in full detail (my experience) The Third EditionTo be good at English is not particularly easy but not terribly hard Before you start to learn sentences, or new words, the first and also the most important step is the "pronunciation" To pronounce perfectly you should buy a tape to assist you to learn and This is the fundamental step to learn English, ignore or pay no attention to this step; you will not learn proper English and you will find the later steps more and more If you are solid and accurate in pronunciation, you will find the later steps much easier and you will stand firmly on the right After mastering the pronunciation perfectly, it is the time to accumulate new words and useful Of course start from the simplest words like “hello, hi, you, me, he, him, his, her”, and expressions like “how are you, how old are you, how do you do”, It is essential to write the words on a piece of paper so that you remember them Actually everyone had done these at his/her primary *************Now let me tell you how I learnt English in C *******************Speaking:In China, you won't have enough chances to speak E What I did was in the morning I got up early and read aloud the texts in the The initial aim was to achieve the same speed as the tape, and then being able to read aloud the texts with the same style as the English announcer in the By doing this, it helps you to consolidate your pronunciation and Listening:Nowadays it is much easier to learn English in China because you can watch some TV channels in E The more channels in English the better because you can choose your preferred programmes and it helps you to learn English with interests of your own, hence ideal for listening and expression/words Writing:It is also very useful to write On writing diaries, it is not useful if you just write it without the care of grammar and When you finish you should always read your diaries again to check for errors and refine your sentences ( remove repetitive words, use better expressions, and sort out the structure of the sentences)Reading:It is also very important to read story books in English, starting from thin ones with not many new Read as many thin books as you possibly Little by Little you will want to read thicker books, and your reading ability will get even Putting four elements together:I have to emphasise that when you do all these reading, listening, writing and speaking; you should join them together as a whole, apply the new words you learn from watching TV, reading books to your writing and The enhancement of learning comes from getting hold of the possible opportunities to speak English (in China or abroad):In China, you should try to go to local English corner to practise your oral E If you are abroad then you should make a lot of English or international friends so you always have the opportunity to speak EOn Spoken English, attitude is very You need to be very keen and you must not be Never be afraid to make Always think that a talk in English with some one will help you You can think in this way: since my parents have paid so much to support me to study abroad, the money is partly spent on the international environment for learning English; therefore I ought to try my best to take every opportunity to practise my E My English has risen to a higher level in the last 2 years, because I talk in English most of the Having some international friends is particularly useful Summing up the activities:I have also been watching TV The real improvement lies in staying with international friends long enough and watching a lot of TV such as news, football, dramas, documentaries Writing diaries also helps me to remember good words, good expressions and practise sentence *****Now, I have finished talking about how to learn and improve General EIt is the time to switch to "Your Major in English" *******************************Knowing general English on its own is not going to be sufficient for most Skills are as important as mastering another General English helps people to communicate with each other in their Technical English helps you to take on challenges to change the world for the highest, to earn money for your living for the Some people who have a degree in English go abroad to learn something different but heavily based on the language such as Media study, Journalist, History, Education or even a bit more technical like Finance, Business Administration or EIt is extremely useful to know more because there are so many words in English and they appear differently to each For people whose second language is English, will find it difficult to guess the meaning of a new For sure, it is not possible to know Pick a major first and put all your effort on that major, in the end you will have a rich vocabulary of that Difficulties on learning Technical English:To master technical English in your area of study, there are two difficulties to 1, the language, because it is not your first language, you need to remember the terms, knowing how to pronounce it and spell 2, surely you need to understand the terms in a technical No matter what field, it is going to be the same; the two difficulties above must be Here I take Physics as an example (note that whatever field you are looking into is going to be similar):The term "momentum" is basically the product of the mass of the object and the velocity it Obviously, you need to understand mass and velocity as If you understand mass and velocity, then you get the explanation of the term "momentum" in physics, then you are most likely to understand the word and use it properly in the technical world of P From this example, you can see how to understand a technical word in a technical fashion: you need to understand the very fundamental knowledge of a field to be able to understand more complex terminologies or Before learning technical English in your field of study, I have a good recommendation to save your time:To understand technical knowledge in your first language (Chinese), then you might not have the second What it left to overcome is just the first difficulty (the language), hence the effort required is I can give you an example of my own:When I was learning chemistry at A-level, I had already learnt inorganic chemistry at the equivalent level in China, so I had no difficulty whatsoever in learning inorganic chemistry in the UK in EBut I had not learnt organic chemistry in China, and I was struggling significantly in learning organic chemistry in the UK due to dual ************OK, I have finished talking about how to improve your technical ENow i will talk about IT (Information Technology), why is this important? Because nowadays it is the information age, you need to know computers, Internet, media and communications Knowing how to use Internet to search information will help your E ************I don't want to waffle too much on Computers are more and more important nowadays, everyone wants a computer and most people have their own But most people are not using the right Operating System for learning E Now I would like to introduce you to Debian Linux Operating system or a much nicer operating system called Ubuntu L If you still don't have a computer you can buy a China's home grown computer based on a Loongson CPU It saves your electricity and your time to deal with Linux will help you to improve your English skills because you need to read some documents and follow the instructions to set up software programs, it also requires you to search the Internet (Google for example) to find the answers to your problems ( installations of software programs)you can read about the commands of Linux in the terminal by putting in "man
open access library ，可以找英文论文。Scientific Research Publishing ，这个是英文出版社
一篇说明性的英文学术类文章An illustrative English academic article
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