零售业参考文献

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零售企业：零售企业是以直接供应消费者用作生活消费或供应给社会集团作为非生产性消费为基本任务的商业企业。零售企业是直接向消费者提供商品服务的企业，设有商品营业场所、柜台并且不自产商品、直接面向最终消费者的商业零售企业，包括直接从事综合商品销售的百货商场、超级市场、零售商店等。1、论文题目：要求准确、简练、醒目、新颖。　　2、目录：目录是论文中主要段落的简表。（短篇论文不必列目录）　　3、提要：是文章主要内容的摘录，要求短、精、完整。字数少可几十字，多不超过三百字为宜。　　4、关键词或主题词：关键词是从论文的题名、提要和正文中选取出来的，是对表述论文的中心内容有实质意义的词汇。关键词是用作机系统标引论文内容特征的词语，便于信息系统汇集，以供读者检索。 每篇论文一般选取3-8个词汇作为关键词，另起一行，排在“提要”的左下方。　　主题词是经过规范化的词，在确定主题词时，要对论文进行主题，依照标引和组配规则转换成主题词表中的规范词语。　　5、论文正文：　　（1）引言：引言又称前言、序言和导言，用在论文的开头。 引言一般要概括地写出作者意图，说明选题的目的和意义, 并指出论文写作的范围。引言要短小精悍、紧扣主题。　　（2）论文正文：正文是论文的主体，正文应包括论点、论据、 论证过程和结论。主体部分包括以下内容：　　提出-论点；　　分析问题-论据和论证；　　解决问题-论证与步骤；　　结论。　　6、一篇论文的参考文献是将论文在和写作中可参考或引证的主要文献资料，列于论文的末尾。参考文献应另起一页，标注方式按《GB7714-87文后参考文献著录规则》进行。中文：标题--作者--出版物信息（版地、版者、版期）：作者--标题--出版物信息所列参考文献的要求是：　　（1）所列参考文献应是正式出版物，以便读者考证。　（2）所列举的参考文献要标明序号、著作或文章的标题、作者、出版物信息。

零售是一系列的商业活动，它通过向消费者出售供个人及家庭使用的产品和服务来创造价值。通常，人们认为零售只是在商店里出售商品。事实上，零售也包括提供服务，如在汽车旅馆的住宿，医生进行的体检，理发，录像带的出租或者外卖比萨等。并且，零售活动也不全是在商店中进行的。非店面零售的例子如CD-NOW公司在网上出售CD唱片，玫琳凯直销化妆品，由比恩和巴塔哥尼亚公司提供的目录销售等 参考文献：美国迈克尔•利维和巴顿•韦茨的《零售管理》

可以去参考（电子商务评论）这本刊物

其实简单地说就是，零售业态回答的是以什么方式进行零售经营的问题，如便利店（100㎡）：满足顾客便利性需求为主要目的的零售业态；折扣店：店铺装修简单，提供有限服务，商品价格低廉的一种小型超市业态。拥有不到2000个品种，经营一定数量的自由品牌商品（国际上通用的解释中折扣店并非超市形态）；超市（500㎡以上）：开架售货，集中收款，满足社区消费者日常生活需要的零售业态。根据商品结构不同，可分为食品超市和综合超市；大型超市（6000㎡以上）：实际营业面积6000㎡以上，品种齐全，满足顾客一次购足的零售业态。可分为经营食品为主的大型超市和经营日用品为主的大型超市。如家乐福等而业种解决是的零售经营的品种问题，“卖什么”，零售业种涉及到零售商品的种类根据政府统计部门的划分，零售商品共分为8大类：食品、饮料、烟草零售业日用百货零售业纺织品、服装、鞋帽零售业日用杂品零售业五金、交电、化工零售业药品及医疗器械零售业图书报刊零售业其他零售业（包括家具零售业、汽车、摩托车及其零配件零售业、计算机及软件、办公设备零售业等）

业种解决是的零售经营的品种问题，“卖什么”，零售业种涉及到零售商品的种类业态是以什么方式进行零售经营的问题